Roman Concrete Was Stronger Than Modern Concrete

Roman concrete was made with volcanic ash from Mount Vesuvius, lime, and seawater, creating a unique chemical reaction that continues to strengthen the material over centuries. Modern concrete begins to crack and deteriorate within decades, but Roman structures like the Pantheon and aqueducts remain intact after 2,000 years. Scientists have discovered that the volcanic ash creates a crystalline structure that actually heals small cracks automatically. The Romans unknowingly created a self-healing concrete that modern engineers are now trying to replicate for sustainable construction.